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GFAP antibody - 173 011 K.O.

GFAP is an astrocyte-specific type-III intermediate filament protein
Mouse monoclonal purified IgG
Cat. No.: 173 011
Amount: 100 µg
Price: $420.00
Cat. No. 173 011 100 µg purified IgG, lyophilized. Albumin and azide were added for stabilization. For reconstitution add 100 µl H2O to get a 1mg/ml solution in PBS. Then aliquot and store at -20°C to -80°C until use.
Antibodies should be stored at +4°C when still lyophilized. Do not freeze!
Applications
 
WB: 1 : 1000 (AP staining) (see remarks) gallery  
IP: yes
ICC: 1 : 500 up to 1 : 1000 gallery  
IHC: 1 : 500 up to 1 : 1000 gallery  
IHC-P: 1 : 2000 up to 1 : 4000 gallery  
Clarity: 1 : 200 video (see remarks)
ELISA: yes (see remarks)
Clone 134B1
Subtype IgG2a (κ light chain)
Immunogen full-length recombinant human GFAP (UniProt Id: P14136)
Epitop AA 391 to 405 from human GFAP (UniProt Id: P14136)
Reactivity Reacts with: human (P14136), rat (P47819), mouse (P03995), cow.
No signal: zebrafish.
Other species not tested yet.
Specificity Specific for GFAP isoform 1 (alpha) K.O. validated
Matching control protein/peptide 173-0P
Remarks

WB: The monoclonal antibodies are less sensitive compared to the rabbit polyclonal polyclonal (cat. no. 173 002).
Clarity: This antibody has been successfully used for CLARITY application in human brain (Woelfle et al., 2023; PMID: 37221592).
ELISA: Suitable as capture antibody for sandwich-ELISA with cat. no. 173 002 or 173 211BT as detector antibody.
Data sheet 173_011.pdf

References for GFAP - 173 011

Homeostatic calcium fluxes, ER calcium release, SOCE, and calcium oscillations in cultured astrocytes are interlinked by a small calcium toolkit.
Schulte A, Bieniussa L, Gupta R, Samtleben S, Bischler T, Doering K, Sodmann P, Rittner H, Blum R
Cell calcium (2022) 101: 102515. 173 011 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
IL-1β Induced Cytokine Expression by Spinal Astrocytes Can Play a Role in the Maintenance of Chronic Inflammatory Pain.
Gajtkó A, Bakk E, Hegedűs K, Ducza L, Holló K
Frontiers in physiology (2020) 11: 543331. 173 011 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
Chronic Toxoplasma infection is associated with distinct alterations in the synaptic protein composition.
Lang D, Schott BH, van Ham M, Morton L, Kulikovskaja L, Herrera-Molina R, Pielot R, Klawonn F, Montag D, Jänsch L, Gundelfinger ED, et al.
Journal of neuroinflammation (2018) 151: 216. 173 011 WB; tested species: mouse
Simvastatin treatment highlights a new role for the isoprenoid/cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in the modulation of emotional reactivity and cognitive performance in rats.
Segatto M, Manduca A, Lecis C, Rosso P, Jozwiak A, Swiezewska E, Moreno S, Trezza V, Pallottini V
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (2014) 394: 841-54. 173 011 WB; tested species: rat
Pyroglutamate amyloid β (Aβ) aggravates behavioral deficits in transgenic amyloid mouse model for Alzheimer disease.
Wittnam JL, Portelius E, Zetterberg H, Gustavsson MK, Schilling S, Koch B, Demuth HU, Blennow K, Wirths O, Bayer TA
The Journal of biological chemistry (2012) 28711: 8154-62. 173 011 IP
BTK inhibition limits microglia-perpetuated CNS inflammation and promotes myelin repair.
Geladaris A, Torke S, Saberi D, Alankus YB, Streit F, Zechel S, Stadelmann-Nessler C, Fischer A, Boschert U, Häusler D, Weber MS, et al.
Acta neuropathologica (2024) 1471: 75. 173 011 IHC, ICC; tested species: mouse
The synaptic vesicle protein Mover/TPRG1L is associated with lipid droplets in astrocytes.
Krohn J, Domart F, Do TT, Dresbach T
Glia (2023) : . 173 011 ICC; tested species: mouse
Immunoreactivity to astrocytes in different forms of dementia: High prevalence of autoantibodies to GFAP.
Barthel PC, Staabs F, Li LY, Buthut M, Otto C, Ruprecht K, Prüss H, Höltje M
Brain, behavior, & immunity - health (2023) 29: 100609. 173 011 ICC; tested species: mouse
Homeostatic calcium fluxes, ER calcium release, SOCE, and calcium oscillations in cultured astrocytes are interlinked by a small calcium toolkit.
Schulte A, Bieniussa L, Gupta R, Samtleben S, Bischler T, Doering K, Sodmann P, Rittner H, Blum R
Cell calcium (2022) 101: 102515. 173 011 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
Pharmacological perturbation of CXCL1 signaling alleviates neuropathogenesis in a model of HEVA71 infection.
Gunaseelan S, Ariffin MZ, Khanna S, Ooi MH, Perera D, Chu JJH, Chua JJE
Nature communications (2022) 131: 890. 173 011 ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse,rat
A multimodal 3D neuro-microphysiological system with neurite-trapping microelectrodes.
Molina-Martínez B, Jentsch LV, Ersoy F, van der Moolen M, Donato S, Ness TV, Heutink P, Jones PD, Cesare P
Biofabrication (2022) 142: . 173 011 ICC; tested species: mouse
Synaptic disruption and CREB-regulated transcription are restored by K+ channel blockers in ALS.
Catanese A, Rajkumar S, Sommer D, Freisem D, Wirth A, Aly A, Massa-López D, Olivieri A, Torelli F, Ioannidis V, Lipecka J, et al.
EMBO molecular medicine (2021) 137: e13131. 173 011 ICC; tested species: human
BDNF Expression in Cortical GABAergic Interneurons.
Barreda Tomás FJ, Turko P, Heilmann H, Trimbuch T, Yanagawa Y, Vida I, Münster-Wandowski A
International journal of molecular sciences (2020) 215: . 173 011 ICC; tested species: mouse
IL-1β Induced Cytokine Expression by Spinal Astrocytes Can Play a Role in the Maintenance of Chronic Inflammatory Pain.
Gajtkó A, Bakk E, Hegedűs K, Ducza L, Holló K
Frontiers in physiology (2020) 11: 543331. 173 011 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
Synaptic control of DNA methylation involves activity-dependent degradation of DNMT3A1 in the nucleus.
Bayraktar G, Yuanxiang P, Confettura AD, Gomes GM, Raza SA, Stork O, Tajima S, Suetake I, Karpova A, Yildirim F, Kreutz MR, et al.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (2020) 4512: 2120-2130. 173 011 ICC; tested species: rat
BTK inhibition limits microglia-perpetuated CNS inflammation and promotes myelin repair.
Geladaris A, Torke S, Saberi D, Alankus YB, Streit F, Zechel S, Stadelmann-Nessler C, Fischer A, Boschert U, Häusler D, Weber MS, et al.
Acta neuropathologica (2024) 1471: 75. 173 011 IHC, ICC; tested species: mouse
Glial Bmal1 role in mammalian retina daily changes.
Riccitelli S, Boi F, Lonardoni D, Giantomasi L, Barca-Mayo O, De Pietri Tonelli D, Bisti S, Di Marco S, Berdondini L
Scientific reports (2022) 121: 21561. 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Pharmacological perturbation of CXCL1 signaling alleviates neuropathogenesis in a model of HEVA71 infection.
Gunaseelan S, Ariffin MZ, Khanna S, Ooi MH, Perera D, Chu JJH, Chua JJE
Nature communications (2022) 131: 890. 173 011 ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse,rat
Astrocyte GluN2C NMDA receptors control basal synaptic strengths of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in the stratum radiatum.
Chipman PH, Fung CCA, Pazo Fernandez A, Sawant A, Tedoldi A, Kawai A, Ghimire Gautam S, Kurosawa M, Abe M, Sakimura K, Fukai T, et al.
eLife (2021) 10: . 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Interferon-driven brain phenotype in a mouse model of RNaseT2 deficient leukoencephalopathy.
Kettwig M, Ternka K, Wendland K, Krüger DM, Zampar S, Schob C, Franz J, Aich A, Winkler A, Sakib MS, Kaurani L, et al.
Nature communications (2021) 121: 6530. 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Multiplexed expansion microscopy of the brain through fluorophore screening.
Min K, Cho I, Choi M, Chang JB
Methods (San Diego, Calif.) (2019) : . 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Increased expression of heme-binding protein 1 early in Alzheimer's disease is linked to neurotoxicity.
Yagensky O, Kohansal-Nodehi M, Gunaseelan S, Rabe T, Zafar S, Zerr I, Härtig W, Urlaub H, Chua JJ
eLife (2019) 8: . 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
The intermediate filament protein vimentin is essential for axonotrophic effects of Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme.
Adolf A, Leondaritis G, Rohrbeck A, Eickholt BJ, Just I, Ahnert-Hilger G, Höltje M
Journal of neurochemistry (2016) 1392: 234-244. 173 011 IHC
Initial characterization of a Syap1 knock-out mouse and distribution of Syap1 in mouse brain and cultured motoneurons.
Schmitt D, Funk N, Blum R, Asan E, Andersen L, Rülicke T, Sendtner M, Buchner E
Histochemistry and cell biology (2016) 1464: 489-512. 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Human adipose-derived stem cells partially rescue the stroke syndromes by promoting spatial learning and memory in mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model.
Zhou F, Gao S, Wang L, Sun C, Chen L, Yuan P, Zhao H, Yi Y, Qin Y, Dong Z, Cao L, et al.
Stem cell research & therapy (2015) 6: 92. 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Photoreceptor degeneration in two mouse models for congenital stationary night blindness type 2.
Regus-Leidig H, Atorf J, Feigenspan A, Kremers J, Maw MA, Brandstätter JH
PloS one (2014) 91: e86769. 173 011 IHC
Reduced astrocytic NF-κB activation by laquinimod protects from cuprizone-induced demyelination.
Brück W, Pförtner R, Pham T, Zhang J, Hayardeny L, Piryatinsky V, Hanisch UK, Regen T, van Rossum D, Brakelmann L, Hagemeier K, et al.
Acta neuropathologica (2012) 1243: 411-24. 173 011 IHC
Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression alters astrocytic chemokine release and protects mice from cuprizone-induced demyelination.
Kramann N, Menken L, Pförtner R, Schmid SN, Stadelmann C, Wegner C, Brück W
Glia (2019) : . 173 011 IHC-P; tested species: mouse
Phosphorylation of the amyloid β-peptide at Ser26 stabilizes oligomeric assembly and increases neurotoxicity.
Kumar S, Wirths O, Stüber K, Wunderlich P, Koch P, Theil S, Rezaei-Ghaleh N, Zweckstetter M, Bayer TA, Brüstle O, Thal DR, et al.
Acta neuropathologica (2016) 1314: 525-37. 173 011 IHC-P
Multiplex imaging of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons with CO-Detection by indEXing (CODEX) technology.
Heinrich L, Zafar F, Morato Torres CA, Singh J, Khan A, Chen MY, Hempel C, Nikulina N, Mulholland J, Braubach O, Schüle B, et al.
Journal of neuroscience methods (2022) : 109653. 173 011 Codex-PC; tested species: human
CLARITY increases sensitivity and specificity of fluorescence immunostaining in long-term archived human brain tissue.
Woelfle S, Deshpande D, Feldengut S, Braak H, Del Tredici K, Roselli F, Deisseroth K, Michaelis J, Boeckers TM, Schön M
BMC biology (2023) 211: 113. 173 011 Clarity; tested species: human
The Anti-amyloid Compound DO1 Decreases Plaque Pathology and Neuroinflammation-Related Expression Changes in 5xFAD Transgenic Mice.
Boeddrich A, Babila JT, Wiglenda T, Diez L, Jacob M, Nietfeld W, Huska MR, Haenig C, Groenke N, Buntru A, Blanc E, et al.
Cell chemical biology (2018) : . 173 011 ELISA; tested species: mouse
A DNA-based nano-immunoassay for the label-free detection of glial fibrillary acidic protein in multicell lysates.
Ganau M, Bosco A, Palma A, Corvaglia S, Parisse P, Fruk L, Beltrami AP, Cesselli D, Casalis L, Scoles G
Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine (2015) 112: 293-300. 173 011 ELISA
Cat. No.: 173 011
Amount: 100 µg
Price: $420.00
Homeostatic calcium fluxes, ER calcium release, SOCE, and calcium oscillations in cultured astrocytes are interlinked by a small calcium toolkit.
Schulte A, Bieniussa L, Gupta R, Samtleben S, Bischler T, Doering K, Sodmann P, Rittner H, Blum R
Cell calcium (2022) 101: 102515. 173 011 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
IL-1β Induced Cytokine Expression by Spinal Astrocytes Can Play a Role in the Maintenance of Chronic Inflammatory Pain.
Gajtkó A, Bakk E, Hegedűs K, Ducza L, Holló K
Frontiers in physiology (2020) 11: 543331. 173 011 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
Chronic Toxoplasma infection is associated with distinct alterations in the synaptic protein composition.
Lang D, Schott BH, van Ham M, Morton L, Kulikovskaja L, Herrera-Molina R, Pielot R, Klawonn F, Montag D, Jänsch L, Gundelfinger ED, et al.
Journal of neuroinflammation (2018) 151: 216. 173 011 WB; tested species: mouse
Simvastatin treatment highlights a new role for the isoprenoid/cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in the modulation of emotional reactivity and cognitive performance in rats.
Segatto M, Manduca A, Lecis C, Rosso P, Jozwiak A, Swiezewska E, Moreno S, Trezza V, Pallottini V
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (2014) 394: 841-54. 173 011 WB; tested species: rat
Pyroglutamate amyloid β (Aβ) aggravates behavioral deficits in transgenic amyloid mouse model for Alzheimer disease.
Wittnam JL, Portelius E, Zetterberg H, Gustavsson MK, Schilling S, Koch B, Demuth HU, Blennow K, Wirths O, Bayer TA
The Journal of biological chemistry (2012) 28711: 8154-62. 173 011 IP
BTK inhibition limits microglia-perpetuated CNS inflammation and promotes myelin repair.
Geladaris A, Torke S, Saberi D, Alankus YB, Streit F, Zechel S, Stadelmann-Nessler C, Fischer A, Boschert U, Häusler D, Weber MS, et al.
Acta neuropathologica (2024) 1471: 75. 173 011 IHC, ICC; tested species: mouse
The synaptic vesicle protein Mover/TPRG1L is associated with lipid droplets in astrocytes.
Krohn J, Domart F, Do TT, Dresbach T
Glia (2023) : . 173 011 ICC; tested species: mouse
Immunoreactivity to astrocytes in different forms of dementia: High prevalence of autoantibodies to GFAP.
Barthel PC, Staabs F, Li LY, Buthut M, Otto C, Ruprecht K, Prüss H, Höltje M
Brain, behavior, & immunity - health (2023) 29: 100609. 173 011 ICC; tested species: mouse
Homeostatic calcium fluxes, ER calcium release, SOCE, and calcium oscillations in cultured astrocytes are interlinked by a small calcium toolkit.
Schulte A, Bieniussa L, Gupta R, Samtleben S, Bischler T, Doering K, Sodmann P, Rittner H, Blum R
Cell calcium (2022) 101: 102515. 173 011 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
Pharmacological perturbation of CXCL1 signaling alleviates neuropathogenesis in a model of HEVA71 infection.
Gunaseelan S, Ariffin MZ, Khanna S, Ooi MH, Perera D, Chu JJH, Chua JJE
Nature communications (2022) 131: 890. 173 011 ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse,rat
A multimodal 3D neuro-microphysiological system with neurite-trapping microelectrodes.
Molina-Martínez B, Jentsch LV, Ersoy F, van der Moolen M, Donato S, Ness TV, Heutink P, Jones PD, Cesare P
Biofabrication (2022) 142: . 173 011 ICC; tested species: mouse
Synaptic disruption and CREB-regulated transcription are restored by K+ channel blockers in ALS.
Catanese A, Rajkumar S, Sommer D, Freisem D, Wirth A, Aly A, Massa-López D, Olivieri A, Torelli F, Ioannidis V, Lipecka J, et al.
EMBO molecular medicine (2021) 137: e13131. 173 011 ICC; tested species: human
BDNF Expression in Cortical GABAergic Interneurons.
Barreda Tomás FJ, Turko P, Heilmann H, Trimbuch T, Yanagawa Y, Vida I, Münster-Wandowski A
International journal of molecular sciences (2020) 215: . 173 011 ICC; tested species: mouse
IL-1β Induced Cytokine Expression by Spinal Astrocytes Can Play a Role in the Maintenance of Chronic Inflammatory Pain.
Gajtkó A, Bakk E, Hegedűs K, Ducza L, Holló K
Frontiers in physiology (2020) 11: 543331. 173 011 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
Synaptic control of DNA methylation involves activity-dependent degradation of DNMT3A1 in the nucleus.
Bayraktar G, Yuanxiang P, Confettura AD, Gomes GM, Raza SA, Stork O, Tajima S, Suetake I, Karpova A, Yildirim F, Kreutz MR, et al.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (2020) 4512: 2120-2130. 173 011 ICC; tested species: rat
BTK inhibition limits microglia-perpetuated CNS inflammation and promotes myelin repair.
Geladaris A, Torke S, Saberi D, Alankus YB, Streit F, Zechel S, Stadelmann-Nessler C, Fischer A, Boschert U, Häusler D, Weber MS, et al.
Acta neuropathologica (2024) 1471: 75. 173 011 IHC, ICC; tested species: mouse
Glial Bmal1 role in mammalian retina daily changes.
Riccitelli S, Boi F, Lonardoni D, Giantomasi L, Barca-Mayo O, De Pietri Tonelli D, Bisti S, Di Marco S, Berdondini L
Scientific reports (2022) 121: 21561. 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Pharmacological perturbation of CXCL1 signaling alleviates neuropathogenesis in a model of HEVA71 infection.
Gunaseelan S, Ariffin MZ, Khanna S, Ooi MH, Perera D, Chu JJH, Chua JJE
Nature communications (2022) 131: 890. 173 011 ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse,rat
Astrocyte GluN2C NMDA receptors control basal synaptic strengths of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in the stratum radiatum.
Chipman PH, Fung CCA, Pazo Fernandez A, Sawant A, Tedoldi A, Kawai A, Ghimire Gautam S, Kurosawa M, Abe M, Sakimura K, Fukai T, et al.
eLife (2021) 10: . 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Interferon-driven brain phenotype in a mouse model of RNaseT2 deficient leukoencephalopathy.
Kettwig M, Ternka K, Wendland K, Krüger DM, Zampar S, Schob C, Franz J, Aich A, Winkler A, Sakib MS, Kaurani L, et al.
Nature communications (2021) 121: 6530. 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Multiplexed expansion microscopy of the brain through fluorophore screening.
Min K, Cho I, Choi M, Chang JB
Methods (San Diego, Calif.) (2019) : . 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Increased expression of heme-binding protein 1 early in Alzheimer's disease is linked to neurotoxicity.
Yagensky O, Kohansal-Nodehi M, Gunaseelan S, Rabe T, Zafar S, Zerr I, Härtig W, Urlaub H, Chua JJ
eLife (2019) 8: . 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
The intermediate filament protein vimentin is essential for axonotrophic effects of Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme.
Adolf A, Leondaritis G, Rohrbeck A, Eickholt BJ, Just I, Ahnert-Hilger G, Höltje M
Journal of neurochemistry (2016) 1392: 234-244. 173 011 IHC
Initial characterization of a Syap1 knock-out mouse and distribution of Syap1 in mouse brain and cultured motoneurons.
Schmitt D, Funk N, Blum R, Asan E, Andersen L, Rülicke T, Sendtner M, Buchner E
Histochemistry and cell biology (2016) 1464: 489-512. 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Human adipose-derived stem cells partially rescue the stroke syndromes by promoting spatial learning and memory in mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model.
Zhou F, Gao S, Wang L, Sun C, Chen L, Yuan P, Zhao H, Yi Y, Qin Y, Dong Z, Cao L, et al.
Stem cell research & therapy (2015) 6: 92. 173 011 IHC; tested species: mouse
Photoreceptor degeneration in two mouse models for congenital stationary night blindness type 2.
Regus-Leidig H, Atorf J, Feigenspan A, Kremers J, Maw MA, Brandstätter JH
PloS one (2014) 91: e86769. 173 011 IHC
Reduced astrocytic NF-κB activation by laquinimod protects from cuprizone-induced demyelination.
Brück W, Pförtner R, Pham T, Zhang J, Hayardeny L, Piryatinsky V, Hanisch UK, Regen T, van Rossum D, Brakelmann L, Hagemeier K, et al.
Acta neuropathologica (2012) 1243: 411-24. 173 011 IHC
Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression alters astrocytic chemokine release and protects mice from cuprizone-induced demyelination.
Kramann N, Menken L, Pförtner R, Schmid SN, Stadelmann C, Wegner C, Brück W
Glia (2019) : . 173 011 IHC-P; tested species: mouse
Phosphorylation of the amyloid β-peptide at Ser26 stabilizes oligomeric assembly and increases neurotoxicity.
Kumar S, Wirths O, Stüber K, Wunderlich P, Koch P, Theil S, Rezaei-Ghaleh N, Zweckstetter M, Bayer TA, Brüstle O, Thal DR, et al.
Acta neuropathologica (2016) 1314: 525-37. 173 011 IHC-P
Multiplex imaging of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons with CO-Detection by indEXing (CODEX) technology.
Heinrich L, Zafar F, Morato Torres CA, Singh J, Khan A, Chen MY, Hempel C, Nikulina N, Mulholland J, Braubach O, Schüle B, et al.
Journal of neuroscience methods (2022) : 109653. 173 011 Codex-PC; tested species: human
CLARITY increases sensitivity and specificity of fluorescence immunostaining in long-term archived human brain tissue.
Woelfle S, Deshpande D, Feldengut S, Braak H, Del Tredici K, Roselli F, Deisseroth K, Michaelis J, Boeckers TM, Schön M
BMC biology (2023) 211: 113. 173 011 Clarity; tested species: human
The Anti-amyloid Compound DO1 Decreases Plaque Pathology and Neuroinflammation-Related Expression Changes in 5xFAD Transgenic Mice.
Boeddrich A, Babila JT, Wiglenda T, Diez L, Jacob M, Nietfeld W, Huska MR, Haenig C, Groenke N, Buntru A, Blanc E, et al.
Cell chemical biology (2018) : . 173 011 ELISA; tested species: mouse
A DNA-based nano-immunoassay for the label-free detection of glial fibrillary acidic protein in multicell lysates.
Ganau M, Bosco A, Palma A, Corvaglia S, Parisse P, Fruk L, Beltrami AP, Cesselli D, Casalis L, Scoles G
Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine (2015) 112: 293-300. 173 011 ELISA
WB
ICC
IHC
IHC
IHC-P
IHC-P
Background

Glial fibrillary acidic protein GFAP is a glial-specific member of the intermediate filament protein family. This group comprises cell type-specific filamentous proteins with similar structure and function as scaffold for cytoskeleton assembly and maintenance.
Frequently, neural stem cells also express GFAP. In addition many types of brain tumors, probably derived from astrocytic cells, heavily express GFAP. This protein is also found in the lens epithelium, Kupffer cells of the liver, in some cells in salivary tumors and others.
Point-mutations in the GFAP gene have been correlated to Alexander disease, a fatal leukoencephalopathy that leads to the dysmyelination or demyelination of the central nervous system.
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